Many men are good at ignoring health problems. A sore back, a strange pain, ongoing tiredness or changes in urination are often brushed aside with the hope that they’ll disappear on their own. Busy schedules, embarrassment or a reluctance to seem weak can all delay a visit to the doctor.
Yet early diagnosis can make a significant difference for many health conditions. Understanding common men’s health issues and knowing when to seek medical advice can help men stay healthier for longer. Some conditions, such as prostatitis, can cause uncomfortable symptoms that are easy to dismiss but deserve proper assessment and treatment.
Prostate problems
The prostate is a small gland located below the bladder. As men age, prostate problems become more common.
Prostatitis refers to inflammation of the prostate. It can affect men of different ages and may cause pain in the pelvis, groin, lower back or genitals, along with urinary symptoms such as frequent or painful urination. Some forms are caused by bacterial infection, while others have less clear causes.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia, or enlarged prostate, is common in older men. It can cause symptoms such as a weak urine stream, needing to urinate frequently, waking at night to urinate or feeling that the bladder hasn’t fully emptied.
Prostate cancer is also one of the most common cancers affecting Australian men. Early stages may not cause symptoms, so men should discuss prostate health and testing with their GP.
Heart disease
Heart disease is a leading cause of death among Australian men. Risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, physical inactivity, excess weight and family history.
Warning signs of a heart attack may include chest pain or discomfort, pain spreading to the arm, neck, jaw or back, shortness of breath, sweating, nausea and dizziness. If you suspect a heart attack, call 000 immediately.
Regular check-ups can help identify risk factors early, allowing changes to diet, exercise and treatment that may reduce future risk.
Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes develops when the body doesn’t use insulin effectively or produce enough insulin. It can lead to serious complications affecting the heart, kidneys, eyes and nerves.
Symptoms can include excessive thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, blurred vision and slow-healing wounds. However, many people have no obvious symptoms in the early stages. Healthy eating, regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk. Blood tests can help detect diabetes early.
Mental health
Mental health is an important part of men’s health, but it’s often overlooked. Depression, anxiety and stress can affect sleep, relationships, work and physical health.
Signs may include persistent sadness, irritability, withdrawal from friends and family, changes in appetite or sleep, loss of interest in activities and increased use of alcohol or drugs. Reaching out for help is a sign of strength. A GP can provide support and referrals to mental health professionals. If you’re in crisis, contact Lifeline on 13 11 14 or emergency services on 000.
Testicular, skin and bowel health
Testicular cancer most commonly affects younger and middle-aged men, but it’s often highly treatable when detected early. Men should be familiar with how their testicles normally look and feel. Lumps, swelling, pain or changes in size should be checked by a doctor. Sudden severe testicular pain may indicate testicular torsion, which requires emergency treatment.
Australia has one of the highest rates of skin cancer in the world. Men should check their skin regularly for new spots, changing moles or sores that don’t heal, and protect themselves with sunscreen, hats and protective clothing.
Bowel cancer is one of the most common cancers in Australia. Symptoms may include blood in the stool, changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss and fatigue. The National Bowel Cancer Screening Program provides free screening kits for eligible Australians aged 45 to 74.
When to see a GP
Men should see a GP if they experience persistent pain, changes in urination, unexplained weight loss, ongoing fatigue, blood in urine or stools, lumps or swelling, changes in mood or symptoms that interfere with daily life. Regular health checks are important even when you feel well. Your GP can recommend screenings and tests based on your age, family history and risk factors.
Many common men’s health conditions are easier to treat when detected early. Paying attention to your body, seeking advice when something doesn’t feel right and attending regular check-ups can help protect your long-term health.